In order to solve the problem of complexity for laying the ground magnetic, laser reflection point or other devices before industrial mobile robot can come into service, and the inflexibility resulting from the fixed work path, a scheme of industrial mobile robot navigation based on inertial and ultrasonic sensors was proposed. Operator needed to train the robot from one target position moving towards another target position in advance to acquire train path. When the robot worked in non-target area, i.e. the area demanding low location accuracy, it navigated according to the train path based on inertial sensors; When coming into target area, i.e. the area containing target position and demanding high location accuracy, ultrasonic sensors conducted the navigation. The scheme shortened the preparation period, and it was convenient to change work path. The simulation results show that the scheme combining inertial navigation and ultrasonic location is feasible.